Arthritis is a condition that causes inflammation and pain in the joints, affecting people of all ages, though it’s more common in older adults. The two main types are osteoarthritis (OA), where joint cartilage gradually wears down, and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks joint tissue, causing inflammation. Symptoms include joint pain, stiffness, swelling, and reduced range of motion, which can significantly impact mobility and quality of life.
Risk factors include genetics, age, previous joint injuries, and lifestyle factors, such as obesity and inactivity, which can increase strain on joints. Arthritis can also lead to complications, including joint deformities, chronic pain, and decreased physical function.
Treatment focuses on managing symptoms and improving quality of life, often through a combination of medication, physical therapy, exercise, and lifestyle adjustments. In severe cases, surgery, like joint replacement, may be necessary.
Although there is no cure, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can help slow the disease’s progression, reduce symptoms, and enable individuals to live actively. Ongoing research continues to explore better therapies for pain management and to prevent further joint damage.